Rules versus agents
Older accounting software used rules: “if the bank narration contains ‘PETROL’, post to fuel”. Rules are reliable but brittle. A new supplier, a slightly different narration or an Arabic invoice breaks them, and someone has to write another rule.
An agent works more like a junior bookkeeper. It reads the document or transaction, considers the context, such as the supplier, the amount and how similar items were treated, and proposes the most likely entry. When it is unsure, it says so.